What is an Absolute Eosinophil Count?
Eosinophils are vital cells of the immune system that play a role in fighting pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other potential microorganisms, as well as in cancer immunology. Bone marrow produces eosinophils and release them into the bloodstream.
The absolute Eosinophil Count is the measurement of the number of eosinophils in blood. An increased or decreased level of eosinophil count is present in individuals with acute and chronic blood disorders, allergies, asthma, and other conditions. Getting insights about the eosinophil levels helps doctors understand and manage the disease.
How is the Test Performed?
The Absolute Eosinophil Count Test is a part of the Complete Blood Count (CBC) test with minimal invasion i.e. a simple blood draw.
Preparation
- Normally, there is no dietary and medication restriction before the test.
- For precautionary measures inform your healthcare provider about any medication you are taking in case it needs to be stopped before the test to get true results.
Blood Draw
- A trained phlebotomist draws blood from your vein using a needle, this process is called venipuncture. The blood is usually drawn from the arms.
- The process is minimally invasive and causes minute discomfort.
- The sample is then placed in a special tube treated according to the laboratory standards.
Laboratory Analysis
- The sample is analyzed in the laboratory using advanced analyzers, although some laboratories may use manual microscopy methods as well.
- The analyzers measure the eosinophils based on the total white blood cells present.
- Results are usually available within a day for prompt action and follow-up if needed.
What are the symptoms that prompt this test?
The healthcare provider prescribes an absolute eosinophil count when the patient is experiencing the symptoms of abnormal levels of eosinophil. The typical symptoms that are observed are mentioned below;
General symptoms
- Recurrent fever
- Persistent fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss
- Night sweats
- Itching and rashes
- stomachache
What are Normal Ranges for This Test?
The normal values for absolute eosinophil count depend on the method used and the laboratory techniques employed. The general reference values are mentioned below;
Adults – 30-350 cells/µL
Children – <500 cells/µL
**The reference values given above are for general guidelines only. For correct interpretations and diagnosis consult your healthcare provider. **
What Happens if Test Results Show Abnormal Levels?
High or low levels of eosinophil are an indication of underlying disorders that should be treated at the earliest as they may lead to severe complications. Further testing might be required for further diagnosis;
Elevated Absolute Eosinophil Count
An elevated eosinophil count is known as eosinophilia and it indicates the following conditions
- Allergies including hay fever and asthma
- Several types of cancers
- Lupus, an autoimmune disorder
- Infections caused by parasites
Decreased Absolute Eosinophil Count
A low level of eosinophils is referred to as eosinopenia and it is indicative of the following conditions.
- Acute allergic reaction
- High Stress levels
- Acute infections
- Use of medicines including corticosteroids
