What is an Absolute Monocyte Count?
Monocytes are a type of white blood cell (WBC) and are produced in the bone marrow and then transported to the bloodstream where they are differentiated into 2 types of cells macrophages and dendritic cells. After differentiation, they are moved to the tissues. They play a vital role in the body’s defense mechanism. Monocyte helps kill the infectious agents in the body, regulate immune responses, remove damaged and dead cells from the body, as well as fight against the cancer cells. It is also involved in the repair of damaged tissues.
The absolute Monocyte Count measure of monocytes present in the blood. A normal monocyte level ensures a healthy functioning immune system whereas abnormal monocyte levels indicate various infections, immune system disorders, autoimmune disorders, or bone marrow disorders.
How is the Test Performed?
The Absolute Monocyte Count Test is conducted as part of the Complete Blood Count (CBC) test which includes minimal invasion.
Preparation
- Fasting is generally not required for absolute monocyte count.
- Doctors may advise you to stop certain medicines before the test and ensure your doctor is informed about your medication routine.
- Avoid rigorous exercise before the test
- Wear short sleeves for comfortable blood withdrawal.
Blood Draw
Blood is drawn typically from the arm through a needle and placed in a treated tube to avoid degradation of the sample.
Laboratory Analysis
The blood sample is then analyzed in an automated hematology analyzer for quick and accurate results.
What are the symptoms that prompt this test?
Healthcare providers suggest absolute monocyte count to individuals based on the symptoms they are exhibiting to ensure proper management and treatment of the diseases;
General Symptoms in Patients with High Monocyte Count
- Usually asymptomatic
- Fever
- Tiredness
- General body weakness
General Symptoms in Patients with Low Monocyte Count
- Recurrent infections
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Nausea
- Fever
- Discomfort
- Diarrhea
What are Normal Ranges for This Test?
Normal values of absolute monocytes are given below and they may vary according to age, gender, and overall health;
Adults – 200-800 cells/µL
Children – 750-800 cells/µL
**The reference range given above are general guidelines only. You must consult your healthcare provider for an accurate test result evaluation. **
What Happens if Test Results Show Abnormal Levels?
Abnormal levels of monocyte count suggest that the body’s health is compromised and is affected by any underlying condition;
Increased Levels of Absolute Monocyte Count
An elevated monocyte count is an indication that the body is affected by the following conditions
- Tuberculosis
- Syphilis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Autoimmune disorders
- Crohn’s disease
Decreased levels of Absolute Monocyte Count
Lower than normal levels of monocytes suggest that the person might have the following conditions.
- Bone marrow suppression that might be caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or bone marrow disorders
- Sepsis, a severe infection in the body
- Immune disorders like AIDS
Further testing is advised when abnormal levels of monocytes are detected in the body. These tests include bone marrow biopsy, testing of infectious disease for specific pathogens, and tests for the identification of markers associated with autoimmune disorders.
