What is CK-MB?
Creatine Kinase-MB is primarily present in the heart muscle and is an isozyme of creatine kinase. This enzyme plays a vital role in the metabolism of energy in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. When the muscles of the heart are damaged they release CK-MB in the bloodstream, thus making it an important biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of heart damage.
The CK-MB test is conducted to measure the levels of CK-MB in the bloodstream to diagnose heart damage or associated disorders and help in the differentiation of the issues associated with cardiac disorders and damage to the skeletal muscle.
How is the Test Performed?
A simple blood draw is performed by a trained phlebotomist using the process of venipuncture for the CK-MB Test and then analyzed in the laboratory.
Preparation
- No special preparations are required for the test
- Avoid taking medications that might interfere with the test results as advised by the healthcare provider.
- Avoid vigorous exercise before the test.
Laboratory Analysis
- The sample is sent to the laboratory for the analysis of CK-MB using advanced techniques such as immunoassay or electrophoresis.
What are the symptoms that prompt this test?
CK-MB test is recommended if an individual is exhibiting symptoms of cardiac distress or your heart health needs to be monitored. The following symptoms are generally present in individuals who need this test;
Symptoms in Adults
- Pain in the chest
- Discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Heartbeats with irregular rhythms
- Light-headedness
- Vomiting
- Nausea
What are Normal Ranges for This Test?
CK-MB levels vary based on the test methodology used and the laboratory’s reference range;
Adults – Less than 5 ng/mL or 0 to 3%
Post-Heart Attack – Rise exponentially within 3 to 6 hours and return to normal after 2 to 3 days.
**The CK-MB test results should be interpreted according to the total CK levels and other biomarkers for cardiac disorders such as troponin to confirm the presence of the disease. **
What Happens if Test Results Show Abnormal Levels?
Abnormal levels of CK-MB indicate an underlying condition often associated with damage to the heart muscles.
High CK-MB Indicate
- Acute myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Cardiac Trauma is a condition that is caused due to the surgery or physical impact leading to injury.
- Heart muscle inflammation referred to as myocarditis
- Vigorous exercise
- Rhabdomyolysis
Treatment
- Further diagnostic tests such as ECG, echocardiogram, and troponin levels are ordered for the confirmation of the heart attack.
- Lifestyle changes, medication, and procedures such as angioplasty are recommended
- Regular follow-ups are required to track the recovery and prevention of another cardiac event.
- Timely diagnosis and management is crucial for better recovery
