What is Culture-HVS?
Culture-HVS (High Vaginal Swab) is a diagnostic test carried out to identify bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens in the vaginal cavity. It assists in identifying pathogens in bacterial vaginitis, yeast infections, and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
This test is particularly important for women who have symptoms of abnormal vaginal discharge, itching, irritation, or infection. It assists the healthcare givers in selecting the right management plan based on the type of microbe identified.
How is the Test Performed?
The Culture-HVS test is a straightforward test that is minimally invasive and involves the following;
Preparation
- Avoid any sexual activity at least 24 hours before the test.
- Refrain from using vaginal creams before the test.
- The test should be performed when a woman is not menstruating to ensure accurate results.
Collection
- The technician collects the sample using a sterile cotton swab and inserts it into the vagina.
- The sample is then sent to the laboratory for further analysis.
Lab Analysis
- The sample is then placed in the growth medium to allow the microbes to grow.
- The growth is then observed under the microscope to identify the type of microbes present.
What are the symptoms that prompt this test?
Doctors recommend this test when individuals are exhibiting the following symptoms;
General Symptoms
- Vaginal discharge with an unusual color or smell
- Itching or irritation in the vagina
- Painful urination
- Pain in the lower abdomen
- Painful intercourse
- Recurrence of infection despite getting the treatments before.
What are Normal Ranges for This Test?
HVS Culture is a qualitative test. The result is interpreted according to the type of microbes present.
Normal flora – Lactobacillus species, absence of pathogen bacteria, No WBCs present
Abnormal flora – Presence of bacteria, candida species, Trichomonas vaginalis, and excessive amount of WBCs
**Always consult your healthcare provider for an accurate interpretation of the test results. **
What Happens if Test Results Show Abnormal Levels?
Abnormal HVS culture is an indication of the presence of infection or an imbalance in the vaginal flora. The doctor will start immediate treatment to prevent severe complications. The treatment is given according to the type of pathogen present;
- In case of bacterial vaginosis antibiotics such as metronidazole or clindamycin are prescribed.
- To treat the yeast infection, antifungal drugs are given such as fluconazole or topical antifungal creams
- When a person has sexually transmitted disease the antiviral or antibiotic treatment is given based on the pathogen responsible for the disease.
- Trichomoniasis is treated with antiprotozoal medication.
Regular follow-up testing and monitoring are required in case of recurrent infections and in pregnant women to prevent complications. Lifestyle changes are also needed such as maintaining good hygiene, safe sexual practices, and the use of probiotics to prevent future infections.
