What Is A Culture-Semen?
Semen culture is a diagnostic test performed to identify any bacterial or fungal contamination in a male semen. This test includes placing a sample of semen in a controlled environment to identify pathogens that may impact male fertility or cause other health issues in the reproductive system. A semen culture is generally recommended for patients who have symptoms of infection or who have unexplained infertility. Identify the pathogens that cause the infection and treat prostatitis, epididymitis or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
The semen culture test is useful in determining whether the reproductive organs including the prostate or epididymis contain any bacterial infection that may be affecting the sperm quality or mobility. At times, the test may also show other underlying problems for example inflammation or blockage in the male reproductive tract.
How is the Test Performed?
The semen culture test is simple and requires the collection of the sample of the semen;
Preparation
- Avoid ejaculating or having sexual activity for at least 2 to 7 days before the test
- Wash the genital area thoroughly.
Collection
- The patient is required to collect the semen sample in the medical facility in a separate room through masturbation.
Lab Analysis
- The sample is placed in a culture medium to allow the growth of the pathogens.
- After the growth it is examined under a microscope.
What are the symptoms that prompt this test?
The healthcare provider suggests this test if the patient is experiencing symptoms of unexplained fertility or issues in the reproductive system;
General Symptoms
- Painful urination
- Experiencing pain while ejaculating
- Penis discharge with a foul smell
- Swelling in the genital area
- Pain in the lower abdomen
- Erectile dysfunction
- Difficulty achieving pregnancy with a partner
What are Normal Ranges for This Test?
A semen culture test examines the presence or absence of pathogenic or microbial growth in the semen sample, thus giving the results as positive or negative;
Positive – Microbial growth is observed
Negative – No microbial growth is seen
**The semen culture test does not give the exact reason for infertility issues rather it is a part of a larger fertility workup.**
What Happens if Test Results Show Abnormal Levels?
If bacterial, fungal, or pathogenic growth is observed, it suggests that an individual has an infection that requires immediate medical intervention and timely management. The growth may suggest the following conditions:
- Infections affecting fertility and motility of sperms
- Chronic inflammation
- Obstruction in the reproduction system
- Structural issues in the production and transport of sperms
The healthcare provider initiates the treatment by following these:
- Antibiotic treatment
- Antifungal medication
- Surgical procedures in case of abscesses and blockage in the reproductive system.
